🔸Conditional Statements

if statement

if (condition) do this

else if (condition2) do this

else

do

example:

int target = 7;
int number;
while (number != target)
{
printf("guess a number between 1 and 10: ");
scanf("%i",&number);
if (number > target)
    printf("the number is higher than target\n");
else if (number < target)
    printf("the number is lower than target\n");
else
    printf("well done, nice guess\n");
}
return 0;

Conditional operator (ternary statement)

condition ? expression1 : expression2

example:

x = y >7 ? 25 : 50 ;
 if x = y is greater than 7, set x to 25, otherwise set x to 50
 
 same as:
 
if (y > 7)
    x=25;
else
    x=50;

switch statement

switch (expression) {

case value 1: do this break;

case value 2: do this break;

case value n: do this break;

default: do this break; }

example:

 enum weekday {sat, sun, mon, tue, wed, thu, fri };
enum weekday today = mon;

switch (today){
    case sat:
        printf("its saturday");
        break;
    case sun:
        printf("its sunday");
        break;
    case mon:
        printf("its monday");
        break;
    case tue:
        printf("its tuesday");
        break;
    default:
        printf("whatever");
        break;

Go To

goes to the given part of the program and starts execution from there should never need to use the goto statement in C.

example:

 #include <stdio.h>

int main(){
    const int maxIndex = 5;
    int i = 0;
    double number,average,sum = 0.0;

    for(i = 1; i <= maxIndex; ++i){
        printf("%d enter a number",i);
        scanf("%lf",&number);
        if (number < 0.0)
            goto jump;
            sum += number;
    }

    jump:
    average = sum/(i-1);
    printf("sum = %.2f\n",sum);
    printf("average = %.2f\n",average);

return 0;
}

using 'goto' is a bad idea for making conditional statements, try to use it only when you want to break out of nested loops or statements ( just to make the code more clean and readable )